Rotary motor.



W. N. MEARS.

ROTARY MOTOR. APPLIoATxoN FILED APR.2s,1.9o. RBNEWED APR. 1s, 1912.

Patented Nov. 24, 1914.

10 SHEETS-SHEET l.

[weninr: m'lllmjjwea@ by "n .4113).

/Vnsses: Mw ff W. N. MEARS.

ROTARY MOTOR. APPLICATION rILzD 111111.23, 190e. RENEWED APR4 13, 1912,

1, l l 8,505. Patented Nov. 24, 1914.

10 SHBETS-SHEET 2.

W. N. MEARS. yROTARY MOTOR. APPLICATION FILED m1111906, IIINIJWBD APR. 13,*191'2.

l0 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Patented' Nov. 24, 1914.

WLWLuujY/ars,

by OWU W. N. MEARS.

ROTARY MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED APR.2a,1sos, IIBNEWBD APR. 1s, 1912. 11,1 18,505.

Patented Nov. 24, 1914.

10 SHEETS-SHEBT 1.

.wfmmv Ost W. N. MEARS.

ROTARY MOTOR.

APPLIUATION FILED APR.z3,19oc. RENBWBD APR. 1s. 1912.

' 1, l 1 8,505. Patented Nov. 24, 1914.

W. N. MEARS.

ROTARY MOTOR.

. APPLICATION FILED 111111.23. 1906. RBNEWBD APR..13,1912. 1, 1 18,505.

Patented Nov. 24, 1914.

10 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

S M .w wf@ 0 r a n M. 1,.

W. N. MBARS.

ROTARY MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED APR.23,1906. RENEWED APR.13, 1912.

1,1 18,505. Patented Nov. 24, 1914.

1o SHEETS-SHEET 7.

@y @M y W. N. MEARS. ROTARY MOTOR.

APPLwATIoN'rILED APR. 23, 190e. RBNEWED APR.13,1012.

Patented Nov. 24, 1914.

10 SHEETS-SHEET B.

W. N. MEARS. ROTARY MOTOR. APPLICATION FILED APR.23,1906. RENEWED APR.1G,1912

1,1 18,505. Patented N0v.24,1914.

VV. N. MEARS.

ROTARY MOTOR. APPLICATION P1L111111P11-23119u11. 111JN1:\1'E11,1P11.13,1912.

Patented N 0V. 9.4, 1914.

10 SHEETS -SHEIIT 10.

wld'or: WllunUl/l y M;

QPS, @MM

TF. STATS TENT OFFlCE.

WILLIAM N. MEARS, 0F BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO AMERICAN ROTARY MOTOR COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MAINE.

ROTARY MOTOR.

Speeincation of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 24, 1914.

Application led April 23, 1906, Serial No. 313,210. Renewed April 13, 1912. Serial No. 690,655.

To all Iwhom it may concern.'

Be it knownl that I, VILLIAM N. Means, a citizen of theUnited States oi America, and a resident of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of lvlassachusetts, have vinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Rotary Motors, of which the Jfollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to rotary pumps or engines and has for its Vobject the production of an engine of this class which among other things is capable of developing the' maximum power with the consumption of a minimum quantity of motive force, thereby increasing the economy of the engine over those of a similar type heretofore' known.

Another object of the invention isto provide means for reducing the condensation so that the engine will be more effective in its operation, lrovision is made for the balancing of the blades and the operation thereof so that the friction upon these elements is reduced to a minimum. Moreover, provision is made in this invention for securing a continuous movement of the motive force in the same direction while in order to make 'the engine ,morefeii'ectiva means areprovidedv lfor .the exhaust of motive force through vthe operating blades.

`My invention will be best understood `from a desrption of an illustrative embodiment .thereof shown in the accompanying drawings. y

Of 'the drawings: Figure l. represents an elevation of an engine embodying the features of this invention. Fig. 2 represents a horizontal section of the same on line QMQ on Fig. 1.4 Fig. 3 represents a vertical section on lineB-fl on Fig. Q. Fig. 4 represcnts a vertical section on line on Fig. 2.".1'Fig. 5 represents a vertical section on line 5?-5 on Fig. 2. Fig. 6 represents a vertical section on line 6-`6 on Fig. 2. Fig. 7 represents a vertical transverse .section on line 7T-7 oli-Fig; l, looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 8` represents a section similar to Fig. 4, the cutting plane being on line 8--8, Fig. 2, showing the pistons and blades in position for the engine to operate in the reverse direction. Fig.V 9 represents a section similar toFig. 6, the cutting plane being on line 99, Fig. 2, showing the pis-v tons and blades in position for the engine to operate in the reverse direction. Fig. l() represents a section of one of the pivoted blades, the cutting plane being on line l0--10 on Fig. (i, looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 11 represents a vertical soction on line 11-11 on Fig. 2, showing the end supportfor the pivoted blades, said figure haring a portion of the casing broken away to show the admission and exhaust ports and valves therefor for the passage of motive force to the chamber in rear of said blade. Figs. 12, 13 and 14 represent details of construction which will he hereinafter referred to in the specification.

(in the drawings, 10 represents a casing to therear fiange l1 of which is bolted a frame 12 which in turn has bolted to its rear flange a largencasing 13. To the rear of the casing 13 is securely bolted a head ll while to the front of the casing l0 is securely bolted a head 15, these heads 14-15 each being provided with a bearing 16 for a revoluhle shaft 17 having keyed thereto within the casing 10, a piston 18, and within the casing 13, a piston 19.

.The pistons 18 and 19 are at different angles to each other and revolve in unison with said shaft 17. The piston 18 is preferably elliptical in outline and revolves in a main chamber 20 within said casing 10, said chamber being concentric in outline. It is obvious, however, that the chamber Q0 may be made elliptical or any other form, and the piston cylindrical or any other form, withf or conduit 35 extending therethrough,

side of the chamber 20 With an extension provided With an exhaust chamber 22, said extensions being provided with a transverse recess 23 in each of which is mounted an abutment which is in this embodiment of the invention is typified as a blade 24 pivoted therein at 25. Either end of said blade is provided with a semi-cylindrical recess 26 and a segmental recess 27 in which is located a fixed segment 28, the inner end of which is provided with a disk-like portion 29 in line with the axis of said blades.

This disk portion 29 forms a suitable seat for the cylindrical recess 26 of said blade and the segmental portion 2S is of less width than the segmental recess 27 in the blade 24. This construction leaves an inclosed chamber between the end Walls of the blades and the heads or frames in which said blades are mounted. 'An inlet therefor communicate With each of these chambers for the purpose of admitting motive force thereto to cause a movement of the blades about their axes and exhausting said motive force therefrom when its Work has been performed and it is desired to move the blades in the opposite direction.

The admission of motive force through the passage 30 and the exhaust froml said chamber through the outlet 31 are both conl trolled by means of a valve 32 provided With a. reduced portion 33 which coincides With the exhaust passages 31 When the inlet 30 is closed by the inner end of said valve. When the valve 32 is moved outwardly to uncover the inlet 30, the inner end 34- of said valve is moved longitudinally to shut off the exhaust port 31, all as sh'oWn in Figs. 11 and 12. Y

Each blade 24 is provided With a passag sai passage providing a communication from the main chamber 2O to the exhaust chamber 22, thereby permitting at proper times the motive force to exhaust from said chamber preferably the passage or conduit is substantially tangential to the rotor casing or cylinder When in position to exhaust into= said exhaust. chamber. Each of the blades 24 is provided with an outwardly extending axial t'runnion 36 provided with parallel passages 37-38 the outer ends of which communicate respectively with the'chambers 39-40. These chambers 39-40 are provided respectively With an inlet pipe 41 and an exhaust pipe 42. The opposite ends of the passages 37-38 communicate with chambers 43 extending longitudinally of said blades and connected at their opposite ends by means of a passage 44. A suitable temperature regulating agents such as water, air, or live steam, is permitted to pass. from the inlet pipe 41 through these pas 30 and an exhaust 31 nuance sages and exhaust through the pipe 42, thereby maintaining the blades at any desired temperature.

The wall 45 between the 22 and` the recess 23l is rovidedlwith an opening 46 cooperating with the passage 35 through .the blades -24 and also With the orts 47 at either end of said chambers whereby thevmotive force may be exhausted around said blade 24 as Well as through the passage By this construction the motive force bears upon each of said blades at various points about itsjp'eriphery, thereby substantially'balancing'the same and making it' more effective in its operation, re'- ducing as it doesthe amount of friction thereon.

The inner face of each of 'said blades'is depressed somewhat from the inner face of the chamber 20 and is provided on either side of the passage 35 with a depression 48 in which is mounted avbearing plate or device 49, the rear ofA Which is provided with a cylindrical projection 50 extending longitu! dinally of Isaid plate or member. This cylindrical projection is mounted in a suitable recess extending longitudinally'of said blade 24 so that thc member v49 lis adapted to rock in its bearing so that its Working face Will coperatc with exhaust chamber the exterior face of the piston 18 and prevent motive force from passing between the same. motive force to a compartment 51 in the head 15. The Working face of the rocker 49 is provided with a recess or chamber 50* which is adapted to contain sullicient motive force or fluid to partially counteract the effect of the motive force upon the face or faces of said rocker member 49.

The fluid admitted to each chamber' or recess 50x is intended partially tocounteract the force by which each abutment is held against the rotor. As a means 'for introducing the Huid to such recess or chamber 50x an opening 50XX through the shoe either from the rear or an opening is provided either from the inlet or exhaust chambers.` leading from the front to the said pocket 50". In the use of steam or in the use of .a pump, the fluid thus introduced would act as a packing as Well as a countcrpressure.

Inter-posed between the casing 10 and the head 15 is a plate securely bolted to said casing and head and provided at 53 with a suitable extension forming a bearing for the trunnion 36 of the blade 24 and with a cupshaped extension 54 on the opposite side thereof extending into a cylindrical recess thereto the concentric valves 56 and 57, the

The inlet 21 admits front is provided; that is,`

In Fig. 6, l have illustrated the said passage 50",X in the. shoe front ends of which are provided, respectively, with flanges 58 and 59. The valve 5G is provided with vdiametral ports while the valve 57 is likewise provided with dia meti-al ports 61.

Between the inner wall62 of said cupshaped extension `(et and the valve 57 is an annular passage communicating Withfthc compartment 51, thereby permitting motive force to pass from said compartment 51 through the ports'tll-GO-- and through thediametral passages-611 in the piston 18 to the chamber 2O when said passages. 64 are opposite the ports 55.

In the construction shown in the drawings the cup-shaped extension 54 is fixed in rela tion to the casing 10 and the piston 18 is adapted to revolve freely in the-direction indicated by the arrow on Fig. Ll.,

In Fig. et the piston 18 is shown in position with the passage G4 thereof as about to uncover.l the port 55 to permit the motivel force to `pass from the vcompartment 51 through the passage (i3 of said extension 54 and, through the ports in th valves 5(357 into the passage (54, from which it enters'the lchamber 20. The action of the motive force thus entering the chamber Q() will co-acl with the rocking member 49 olE the blade Ql to continue to drive the piston in the dii-cotion indicated by the arrow on said ligure. Steam will continue to be admitted tiirough the passage 64 until said passage passes the shoulder `65 on the valve 5G, when the piston byfits own movement will cut oli further admission of motive force to (he compartment 20.

It is obvious that a movement of the valve 56 about the axis ot' the shaft 17 will vary the amount ot' admission of the motive force to the compartment r20 and the duration thereof; The valve 57 is provided with another set of ports 6G in a different plane or offset 'ffromthe portsGl which co-act with thecoperating ports 67 to permit the moA tive force to ass from the passage (33 to the passages 68' in lieu of the passages 64) in the pistoni 18, tofadmit said motive force to the lchamber `when it is desired to operate the engine in the reverse direction.

Thislmovement of the valves 5(3-57 is controlled-whiff suitable manually operated mechanism" which will cause the valves to operate' in unison when it is desired to ehange'the direction of movement of the engine but which will permit the valve in operation to be moved independently ot the other valve when it is desired to control the amount of admission of motive force to the chamber 20.

The operation ol the valves 5(357 is oon trolled as-follows: The flange 58 of the valve. isrprovided .with a segment et Vn gear 69 the teeth of which engage the teeth 70 formed in one plane around a portion of the periphery of an intermediate revoluble member 71 which is also provided in a dif- .ferent plane about another portion oi its periphery with a plurality ol teeth 72 which engage the teeth T3 formed around a portion of the periphery ol the disk il: keyed to a revoluble shaft 75 and adapted to be rotated nn'mually by means ot the handle iii lwyud to the outer end ot said shaft. l'pou the same shaft 75 is secured a dist; :i portion ot' the periphery of which is prox irhwl with a plurality of teeth T8 which :iro adapted to engage the teeth Tl) l'oiiuoil about a portion ol an intermediate revolublc dish which in turn basin a dill'ercnt pleine a plurality of teeth 81 about a portion oi' its periphery. said teeth being adapted to eng-.ige with the teeth` 82 formed about a portion of the pe riphery ot' the ilange 59 of the reversing;` valve 57.

As shown in Fig'. 3. the teeth 'Tl-F2 nrc in engagement and the teeth TOM-(39 are in engagement und it is obvious that by any rotation ol" the handle 76 the valve :7G muy be moved about its axis in either direction to increase or decrease, the amount of open inn' in the ports (i0, thereby regulating the admission of motive :torce to the chamber 20. This movement of the valvc accomplished without in any way effectingr the movement o1 the reversing valve. lt' the hahdle 7G is operated sullicicntly to entirely close the port 6() so that the projection 83 overlaps the shoulder 8-l on said tubular exltension 5-l the gear teeth 78 will be moved about the axis ol the shaft 75 to engage the teeth 7 9 so that the intermediate member 8O will. operate through its teeth Sl meshing with the teeth on the Areversingr valve to cause a movement of said valves about the axis of the shaft 17 to cause its ports to cooperate with the passages (38 to permit the motive force in the compartment 5l to pass said ports into said engine to move in a through the piston and chamber Q0 to cause the reverse direction.

At the front ol the machine tho shaft 75 has secured thereon, intermediate the hand wheel 76 and the head 15, a wheel 85 provided upon its .periphery with a single tooth 8f3. The periphery ot' the wheel 85 co-ucts with one of a pair of concaved projections 8T projecting* from a disk member 88 provided upon a portion of its periphery with a series of gear teeth 89. The projections 87 are so constructed that the disk member 88 isfloeked and prevented from turning on its axis 90 while the wheel 85 is free to turn upon its axis to operate the valve members as heretofore described.

It isfobvous, however, that as soon as .the

wheel 85 has moved about its axis sufficiently to permit the tooth 88 to engage the notch 91 between said concaved projections 87, a fur ther continuation of the movement of said wheel 85 will cause the disk 88 to be moved about its axis and as the teeth 89 thereon enf gage with teeth 92 upon a member 93, provided with radial arms upon a sup-l )rt 9o secured to the front of the machine, said member 98 will be moved about said support until said tooth 86 has disengaged itself from the notch 91 when the coneaved portion of the other projection 87 will at this time have engaged the periphery of the wheel 85 to loclr the disk member 88 from further movement in this direction.

rEhe arms 94 are provided at their outer ends with cam slots 96 which engage with studs 97 secured to and projecting from slides 98 movable in the curved groove 99 formed in a member 100 secured to the outer end of the trunnion projection 3G of the pivoted blade 24. Stops 101 are provided at either end of said groove 99 to limit the movement of the slides 98 in either direction. The groove 99 is so curved and so arranged relative to the trunnion 3G of the blade 24: that a movement of the slide 98 from its position shown in l? ig. 1 to the other eXtreme of its movement at the opposite end of said groove 99 will cause the blade 24 to be 'moved about its axis into a position to permit the reversal of the engine.

Surrounding the stud 97 is a member 102 having attached thereto a spring 103, the opposite end of which is lined to the member 93, the tension of said spring being to draw the member 102 and stud 97 co-acting therewith toward the axis of the shaft 17, thereby causing the rocking member 4-.9 4on the pivoted blade 24C to bear against the face of i the piston with which it is eo-.acting.

The slot 96 is shaped in the manner shown in Fig. 1 so that as the stud 97 moves toward the axis of said shaft 17 it may move in a path concentric with the axis of the trunnion 36 of the blade 24. To the rear end of the head 14 is secured a member 104 surrounding the shaft 17. said member being provided with two chambers 105-106 .which communicate with the parallel passages 10T-108 extending lengthwise of said shaft 17 and communicating with the chambers A109F-110 located rotor which in this type of the invention consists of the pistons 18-19. The chambers 105106 are provided respectively with a suitable inlet and outlet 'for a suitable temperature-regulating agent which is adapted to pass through said chambers and' passages into the interiors of the pistons to regulate the temperature of said piston for the purpose of preventing condensation.

94: and mounted respectively in the inlener rThe temperature regulating agent, which may be any suitable fluid, liquid, semi-liquid or the like, may be introduced from any suitable source not herein. shown, so as to he pumped, .or otherwise forced or `fed in a stream of any desired strength, which stream may, oi course, be more or less inn termittentl or continuous, according tothe means employed for circulating the agent. Such means, not being partieularly herein claimed, it is unnecessary to disclose or to describe in this application, it being clearly understood that the agent may be introduced in anydesired manner from any desired source.

The chamber 22 communicates with a passage 111 in the intermediate member 12, which member is provided with a cupshaped projection 112, which extends into a recess in the center of the piston 19, the outer Wall of said projection 112 being provided with suitable ports 118 communicating during the rotations of said piston with the passages 114 extending through said piston to permit motive force passing therethrough into the chamber 115 within the casing 18 in which said piston 19 is adapted to revolve. 1n a different plane .from the ports 113, said projection 112 is provided with other ports 116 adapted to communicate with the ports 117 during the rotation of` said'piston to permit the motive force passing therethrough into the chamber 115 when it is desired that moved in the reverse direction. Fitted to the interior of said projection 112 is a vaive 118 provided with ports 119 in one plane cow operating with the ports 113 and with ports 120 coperating with the ports'116 in a different plane. yEhe valve 118 is so construct ed a's to permit motive force from the passage 111 to enter but one of the passages or ports 114; and 117 at the same time and is also constructed so as to shut ofi the passage of motive force at times to either of said passages or ports.

rlihis movement of the valve 118 is conn trolled 'through the gear teeth 120* upon the hub of said valve 118, said teeth .engaging with a toothed disk 121 provided at 122 with a concaved member fitting the periph: ery of the wheel-123 mounted upon and revoluble with the shaft 75. The wheel 123 isy adapted to be revolved with said shaft to, a certain extent Without operating upon'- the member 121, which during this movement is locked from turning about its axis 124. Said wheel 123 is provided, however, with a plurality of teeth 125 which are adapted toengage the teeth of the member- 121 to move it about. its axis-124 to rotate said valve 118 to cause the ports 119 therein to communicate with' .theports. 118- the the engine should be -Y 'into the compartment 135 projection 112 to permit motive force to pass from the passage 111 through the passages 114 into the chamber 115.

This movement of the valve 118 about its axis is continued until the ports 11B- 119 are fully opened at which time the ports 11G- 120 in a different plane in said valve 118 will. be completely closed. A movement of the teeth 12,5 in the opposite direction will operate upon the dislc member 121 to close the ports 113--119 and open the ports 11(3*120 when it d esired to reverse the movement of the engine. It must be understood that during the operation of the engine in either direction, one of the two sets oit ports 113--1139 and 116-120 is fully opened when the other is fully closed and the only time that both' sets are partially opened at the same time is when the blades 12!) are being moved about their axes to secure a reversal of Itovement.

The casing 13 is provided with exhaust compartments 127 between which and the chamber 115, said casing is provided with a concaved recess 128 in which is mounted a .rotatable blade 129 provided at either end of its working :tace with rocking members 130 and having a passage 131 extending therethrough through which the exhaust from the chamber 115 may pass into the chamber 127. The wall 132 between the chamber 127 and the recess 128 is provided with a port 133 1which cooperates with the passage 131 and yis also provided with assages 134 at either end of said chamber w lich permits the motive torce acting upon the blade to balance the same and which also operates when uncovered to ermit the eahaustfrom the chamber 115 into the chamber 127 around said valve in a similar manner to the blades 24 in the casina 10. As will be seen from the drawings, .the casing 13, the chamber 115 and the piston 19 operating therein are larger than the casing 10, chamber 20 and piston 18 operating therein. This permits the exhaust from -the chamber 20 in its expanded form to operate `upon the piston in such a manner that it will work in unison with vthe piston 18 operated upon before the motive force has been expanded. The exhaust `from the chamber 127` passes Ain the head "14 from which it is finally exhausted through the passage 136.v

The bla-des 129 are operated to move them about their yaxes by means of devices exactl y duplicate' `to the devices for controlling the movement of the blades 424t^and these blades are provided with similar passages to those shown in 24 for the circulation of a suitable temperature-regulating agent.

Each of the blades 129 is provided with a chamber 136, the inner end of which is .and the pistons workin? compartments are locate provided with a semi-c vludrica] portion 137 of the piston 18 are closed, said 4motive power passing through the passages 111 and the ypiston 1S) int-o the chamber 115 where it acts upon this piston to turn the shaft 1.7 about its axis and permit Amotive force topass into the chamber 20 through its pistoia 18 in the A manner heretofore described.

The valve and blade operating mechanisms `are so timed that when the engine is running with the valves open and it is desired to stop the engine, the admission valves of the front piston will first be closed and then by Va 'continuatioi-i of the movement, the i valves of the roar piston will be closed. During the closing of the valves of the rear piston Ithe position of the blades in both casings will be reversed so that the engine may be run in the reverse direction. After this reversal ot the position ofthe blades a continuation ot movement opens the reverse ports in the valves in the first piston, after which the engine will continue to run in reverse direction until the operating wheel is moved in the ouposi'te direction.

Any number o casings 10 and 13 may bc used, each succeeding casing being of larger dimensions than the preceding one to take care of the `expansion of-motive Jforce passing into` the compartment Within said' casing in these various about the shaft 17 at various angles thereon so that motive force is always being admitted to act upon one end of the pistons so that dead centering is wholly overcome. By providing communicating passages through the various blades and through the pistons whereby a temperature-regulating agent may circulate therethrough the condensation of' motive `force is entirely obviated. i

The supply of the temperatureregulating agent may be changed at yany desired time to make the agent of lower temperature in order to cool the various working parts of the. engine. It is obvious that While the casing is shown as fixed and the .piston is shown as re'voluble therein, a reversal of these movements is possible without changing the scope of this invention and furthermore while the rotatable blades are shown herein disclosed be operated it may be employed to drive a vehicle, Whether it be an aerial,

land or marine vehicle.

The valve-operating mechanism is so constructed that in the normal position the various valves and blades are locked and prevented from operating and the valves are closed to prevent the admission of any motive force to the engine.

For purposes of illustration, l have here shown and described a rotary engine particularly designed :tor steam. It is obvious, however, that my invention isA not restricted to the particular embodiment here shown for illustrative purposes, nor is my invention restricted to the use of steam as a motive force, for obviously the various features of my linvention are equally adapted, with at the most slight mechanical changes, to the use of any motive force, such for instance as gas.

lt is believed that the description of the drawings is suiiiciently clear to fully disclose the operation of the invention Without further description thereof.

Claims:

1. A rotary engine comprising a casing member, a piston member therein, means permitting the rotation of one of said members, a blade pivoted to one of said members and coacting with the other member, a chamber within said piston communicating by a passage through said piston With the interior of said casing, means for admitting motive force to said chamber, and means located within said piston chamber for regulating the admission of the motive force to said communicating passage and for revers- I ing the engine.

motive f orce to said chamber,

2. A rotary engine comprising a casing member, a piston member therein, means permitting the rotation of one of said mem*v bers, a blade pivoted to said casing member and co-acting with the piston member, a chamber Within said piston communicating by a passage through said piston with the interior of said casing, means for admitting and means l0- cated Within said piston chamber :tor regulating the admission of themotive force to said communicating passage and for reversing the engine.

3. A rotary engine comprising a casing member, a pist-on member therein, means permitting the rotation of said piston mem-- ber, a blade pivoted to one or said members two sets oi" ports in different planes,

casing co-actmg with said piston,

co-acting With the other member, a chamber Within said piston communicating by a passage through said piston with the interior 'communicating passage and for reversing the engine.

4. A rotary engine comprising a casing member, a piston member therein, means permitting the rotation of said piston member, a blade pivoted to one of said members and co-acting With the other member, a chamber Within said -piston communicating With the interior of said casing, means for admitting motive force to said chamber, a stationary cylindrical hub itting the interior bore otsaid piston and provided With and a manually operated cylindrical valve Within said hub and provided with two sets of ports in the same planes as those in said cylindri-4 cal hub, each set being adapted to operate independently of the other set. 5. A rotary engine comprising a casing member, a piston member therein, means permitting the rotation of one of said members, a blade pivoted to said casing member and co-acting With the piston member, a chamber Within said piston communicating With the interior of said casing, means for admitting motive force 'tov said chamber, and a cylindrical valve member contained Within said piston chamber provided with ports Jfor varying the passage of motive force from said piston chamber to the interior of said casing. p

G. A rotary engine comprising a casing member, a piston member therein, means permitting the rotation of one of said members, a blade pivoted to one of said members and co-actin with the other member, a chamber Within said piston communicating With the interior of said casing, means for admitting motive force to said chamber, and a cylindrical valve member contained Within said piston chamber provided with ports for varying the passage of motive force from said piston chamber to the interior vof said casing, and for reversing the engine.

7. A rotary engine comprising a casing, a piston therein, means permitting the rotation of said piston, a blade pivoted to "saidl a chamber Within said piston communicating with the interior of said casing, anda cylindrical valve Within said piston for admitting inotive force to said chamber through ports formed in said chamber.

8. A rotary engineqtmprsing a casing, a piston therein, means' permitting the rotation oit said piston, a 'blade pivoted to said' casing co-acting with said piston, a chamber Withinvsaid piston communicating with the interior of said casing` a cylindrical valve provided with ports for admitting motive force to said chamber, and means contained within said piston chamber and manually operated for varying the passage of motive force from4 said piston chamber to the interior of said casing.

9. A rotary engine comprising a casing, a piston therein, means permitting the rotation ofsaid piston, a blade pivoted to said casing co-acting with said piston, a chamber within said piston communicating with the interior of said casing, means for admitting motive force Vto said chamber, a stationary cylindrical hub fitting the interior bore of said piston and provided with two sets of ports, and a manually operated valve within said hub provided with two sets of ports in the same plane as those in said cylindrical hub and adapted to operate independently of each other.

10. A rotary engine comprising a casing member having a main chamber, a piston member therein, means permittiimr the rotation o one of said members, an exterior chamber in said casing, a blade pivoted to one or' said vmembers separated 'from one of said chambers by a partition and provided `with a assage therethrough communicating with t e main chamber and the exterior chamber, means for admittingmotive force to one of the chambers, and means for exhausting from the other chamber. Y

11. A. rotary engine comprising a casing member having a main chamber, a piston member therein, means permitting the rotation of one of said members, an exterior chamber in said casing, a blade pivoted to said casing separated from said exterior chamber by a partition and provided with a passage therethrough communicating with the main chamber and the exterior chamber, and means for exhausting from the exterior chamber.

12. A rotary engine comprising a casing member having a main chamber, a piston member therein, means erinitting the rota-y tion of one of said mem rs separated from one of said chambers by a partition, an-exterior chamber in said casing, and a blade -pivoted to one of said members `and provided with a passage therethrough communicating with the main chamber and the ein,

terior chamber.

13. A rotary engine comprising a casing member havingh a main chamber, a piston.

member therein. means permitting the rotar tion ot one ot" said members. an exterior cheumlmr4 in said casin a Ablade pivoted to said casing separate from the 'exterior chamber by a partition and provided with a therethrough communicating with the main chamber and the exterior chamber, and means for passing a temperatuieregulating agent through said blad` 15. `A rotary engine comprising a casing member having a main chamber, member therein, means permitting the rotation of one of said members, pivoted blades in one of said members and co-acting with the other member and `having provisions permittingthe'exhaust through ysaid blades,`

and connectors tansmitting any movement of one of said blades to the other.

1G. A rotary engine comprising a casing member having a main chamber, a piston member in saidA main chamber, means permitting the rotation of one in'ember, means for supplying motive force to said chamber..

through its piston, two independently operl ated cylindrical valves within said piston;` and means for controlling the passage of motive force to said chamber.

17. A rotary engine comprising a casing member having a main chamber, a piston member in said main. chamber, means for sipplying motive force to the firstchamber through its piston, a cylindrical hub 'on' which said piston is directly mounted pro vided with ports, and two1valves located within said hub for controllin the supply of motive force, and reversing t ie engine.

18. AA rotary engine com rising a casing, a. rotatable piston therein, b ados cooperating therewith, and manually operated mechay nism surrounding the shaft of saidpis'ton and directly connected to said blades .Wherev by said blades may be reversed .inunisom 19. In a rotary engine, the combination with a casing, of a piston therein, a rotatable shaft for said piston, a radial member mov .able about the axis thereof, mechanism co1 acting therewith to produce an oscillating movement, pivoted blades coperatingwith said piston, and connecting mechanism be tween said blades and radial member WhereA by the movement of said blades is positively controlled.

Q0. In a rotary engine. the combination of a piston therein, a rotatable with a casing,

a piston CTI s thereof, mechanism inmechanism co-actmg s at V haboutgthe electing a locking "therewith to produce an oscillating movement, pivotedbl'ades cooperating iv'ith said piston, and connecting mechanism betiveen aid blades and'radial member 'whereby the movement of said blades is positively controlled.

2l. ln a rotary engine', thcycombination with a easing, of a rotatable piston therein, stationary hub in alinement with the axis of said piston, a radial member mounted upon said hub, means for moving said niemf ber about said hub andjlocking it, and a pivoted blade operated by said radialmenr ber enacting vwith said piston.

ln a rotary engine,'the combination with a casing member and a piston member one ol said members being rotatable, of a blade pivoted in a recess in one of said members with its Working tace depressed from the face of' said member, and a. rocking device secured to' said blade and extending beyond the face et said member and adapted to co-act with the face of the otherv member.

23. ln a rotary engine` the combination with a easing member and a-piston member one of said members being rotatable, of a blade pivoted in a recess in one of said members with its face depressed from the face 'of said member, a rocking device secured to said blade adapted to co-act with the face of the other member, and yielding means for retaining said rocking device in said contact.

24:. ln. a rotary engine, the combination With a casing member and a piston member, one of said members being rotatable, of a blade located in a recess in one of said members provided with a segmental recess atl either end terminating in a semi-cylindrical portion at the axis of the blade,and a lixed disk member iitting' said semi-cylindrical portion and forming a support upon which said blade is adapted to move.

25. In a rotary engine, the combination with a casing member andv a piston member, one of said members being rotatable, of a blade located in a recess in one of said members provided with a segmental recess at either end terminating in a semicylin drical portion at the axis of the blade, and a fixed disk member fitting said semi-cylim drical portion and forming a support upon which said blade is adapted to move, :said disk member being provided with a seg mental support of less Width than the segriental recess in which it is located serving limit the movement of said blade about ,s axis.

26. ln a rotary engine, the combination with a casing member and a piston member, one of said members being rotatable, of a blade located in a recess in one of said memaria-soa bers provided with a segmental recess at either end terminating in Ysemi-cylindrical portion at the axis of the blade, a fixed disk member iitting said semi-cylindrical portion and forming a support upon ,which said blade is adapted to move, said disk member being provided support o'll less Width than the segmental recess in 'which it is located serving to limit the movement of said blade about its axis, and means for supplying motive torce to said segmental recess to move said blade about its axis.

2?. lin, a rotary engine, the combination With a casing member and a piston member, one of said members being rotatable, of a blade pivoted in a recess in one of said inembers, an axial with a segmental trunnionto said blade, an arm secured to said trunnion, and means slidable upon said arm for reversing said blade.

28. ln a rotary engine, the combination With a casing'member and a piston member, one of said members being rotatable, of a blade pivoted in a recess in one of said members, an axial trunnion4 :to said blade, agrooved radial member secured to said trunnion, a slide in said groove provided with. a projection thereon, and an arm engaging said projection adapted to move it length- Wise of said grooved member to reverse the blade.

29. ln a rotary engine, the combinationwith a casing member and a piston member, one of said membersbeing rotatable,.ot' a blade pivoted in a recess in one `of said members, an axial. trunnion to said blade, a grooved radial member secured to said trun nion, a slide in said groove Iprovided with a projection thereon, and an arm provided with a cam-shaped slot engaging said pro- 'jection and adapted to move it on said grooved member to reverse the blade.

30. ln a rotary engine, the combination with.y a casing member and a piston member,

one of said members being rotatable, of ablade4 pivoted in a recess in one of the members, a valve regulating the admission of motive force to said casing member, and mechanism adapted to reverse the action thereof including devices to lock simultaneously the valves and blade in reversed position.

31. ln a rotary engine, the combination with a casing member, and apiston member, one of said members being rotatable, of two valves in axial alinement regulating the admission of motive torce to the engine, one of which is adapted to operate at a time, and mechanism adapted to shut od one valve before opening the other.

32.'ln a rotary engine, the combination with a casing member, and a piston member, one of said members being rotatable, of

two valves 1n axial alinement regulating the two valves regulating the admission ot' inotive force to the engine, one oi which is adapted to operate at a time, a blade pivoted to one of said members, and mechanism for reversing the positions of said blade and shutting ott ono valve before opening the other, said mechanism including devices for locking the valves in adjusted position.

34. In a rotary engine, the combination AWith a casing member, and a piston inember, one of said members being rotatable, of two valves regulating the admission of motive force to the engine, one of which is adapted to operate at a time, a blade pivoted to one of said members, and mecha nism for reversing the positions ot said blade and shutting off one valve before opening the other, said mechanism including' devices for locking thevalves and blade in their adjusted positions In a rotary engine, the combination with a casing member andas piston ineinber, one of said members being rotatable, of a blade located in a recess in one of said members provided with a semi-cylindrical portion intermediate its ends, and ahiced support terminating a concaved seat fitting said semi-cylindrical -portion and Aupon which said blade is adapted to rock.

36. In a rotary engine, the combination with a casing member and `a piston member, one of vsal'l members being rotatable, of a blade locatrd in a recess in one of said members provided with a chamber intermediate its ends, and a ii-xed support entering said chamber and terminating in a seat for said blade and upon which it is adapted to rock.

37. lZn a rotary engine, the combination with a casing member and a piston member therein, one of said members being rotatable, of a pivoted blade mounted in a groove '1n one of said members with its Working face normally depressed from the Working face of said member and adapted to eX-,tend either edge beyond the said Working face. l'

38. A rotary engine comprising a casing member provided with a chamber therein, a piston member Within said chamber, means permitting the rotation of one of said niembers, and means included in said rotatable member for admitting motive .,-eto said chamber and varying thecut-ofl thereof.

i 3 9. -A rotary engine comprising a casing member provided with i' chamber therein, a

piston member within said chamber, means ixnmitting the rotation oi one of said members, and means included in said rotatable member for admitting motive force to said chainbc` and varying the cutoff thereof.

` 40. ln a rotary engine, the combination with a casing member and a piston member therein, one of said members being rotatable, of a blade pii'oted to one ot said members, and a rocher member secured to said blade provided with a chamber in the face thereof adapted to receive motive force therein to partially balance'the pressure upon the rear face of said rocker member.

41. A. rotary engine comprising a casing member having a main chamber, a piston member therein, moans permitting the rotation of one of said members, a blade in one of said members coperating with the other member, and means for passing a tem-` peinture regulating agent through `said blade.

42. A rotary engine comprising a casing membe'r having a main chamber, av piston member therein, means permitting the ro-r tation of one of said members, a second chamber in one of said members, and a blade in one of said members ofi-acting with the other member and provided with a conduit therethrough for the passage of motive force from one chamber to the other, said blade being separated' from one of said chambers by a `partition which forms its seat. i

43. A.. rotary engine comprising a casing member having a main chamber', a piston member therein, means permitting'the ro` tation of one of said members, pivoted blades in one of said members and enacting with the other member, means to supply a tcmperature regulating medium to said blades,

and connectors transmitting any movement of one of said blades to the other.

44. A rotary engine comprising a casing member having a main chamber, a piston member therein, means permitting the rotation of one of said members,b`lades in one of said members and co-'acting with `the other, and connectors transmitting rany' movement ot' one of said blades to the other, and means for supplying atemperature regulating agent to said blades.

45. A rotary engine comprising a casing, a piston mounted therein, Vmeans permitting rotation of one of said members, a plate pivoted to one of said members and cooperating with the other member, a chamber within said piston communicating with .the interior of said casing, means foradmitting motive force to said ,chamber and means operatively connected to said piston for reversing the engine.

46. Ai rotary engine comprising a casing,V

a piston mounted therein, means permitting lli Bil

rotation of one of said members, a plate pvoted to. one of said members and cooperating with the other member, a chamber -Within said piston communicating' With the interior ci' said casing and means op eratively connected to said piston for varying the passage of motive force to the interior of casing and for reversing the d?. it. rotary engine comprising a. casing member haring a main. chamber, a piston member therein, means permitting the rotation oi one of said members, blades in one ot' said members and co-acting With the other member, said blades being constructed to permit the exhaust therethrough, and con nectors transmitting any movement of one of said blades to the other. i

48. A rotary engine comprising a casing member having a main chamber, a piston member therein, means permitting the ro tation ci one of said members, 'pivoted bladesthereof, meansto shift said valve and abut-r ment to cause reversal of the engine, and means to exhaust through said abutment 5l. rlhe combination of a cylinder, a rotor, an oscillatory abutment, means to exhaust through and about said abutment, a valve independent ot' said abutment, and means for shifting said valve and abutment to cause reversal of the engine.

The combination of a cylinder, a. rotor, an oscillatory abutment and means to admit actuating iluid to said cylinder through said rotor, and to exhaust said 'Huid through said abutment.

58. The combination of a cylinder, a ro` tor, an oscillatory abutment, means to admit actuating fluid to said cylinder throughsaid rotor and to exhaust said fluid through and about said abutment.

The combination of a cylinder, a ro tor, means to circulate a temperature regu` lating agent through said rotor, an oscilla tory abutment, and means to admit actuat-V ing fluid to said cylinder tor and to exhaust said fluid through the abutment.

55. VThe combination of a cylinder, a rotor, an oscillatory abutment, means to circulata a. temperature -reaulating agent nire-,aca

abutment. y

contacting portion pivoted thereto, and means to admit actuating fluid to said cyl` inder throughisaid rotor and to exhaust said fluid through said abutment.

58. A reversible engine comprising a cylinder, a rotor, an oscillatory abutment and a'plurality of oscillatory make and break contact members thereon adapted -to be.

moved into and out of contact with said rotorby oscillation of said abutment.

59. |The combination of a cylinder, a ro-A tor, an oscillatory abutment having means to exhaust therethrough and aplurality of oscillatory make and break contact members upon said abutment and adapted to be moved into and out of contact With the rotor by oscillation of said abutment.v 60. The combination of a cylinder, a rotor, an oscillatory abutment having an ex-y haust passage therethrough and two make and break contact members upon opposite sides of said exhaust passage and adapted to be moved into and out of Contact with said rotor by oscillation of theL abutment.

6l. The combination of a cylinder, a ro tor, an oscillatory abutment, means Vto exhaust through and about said abutment, and a pair of oscillatory make and break contact members upon said abutment and mov able into and out of contact with the rotor by oscillation of the abutment.

62. A reversible rotary engine comprising in combination a cylinder, its rotor and an abutment, and a make and break point Contact on said abutment and movable relative thereto. ,4

63. In a rotary engine, the combination of a cylinder, its rotor, an abutment, means' to circulate a temperature regulating agent through said abutment and a point contact on the' abutment and movable relative thereto.

64. ln a rotary engine, the combination i 75 57. rl`he combination of a cylinder, a ro.-v tor, an oscillatory abutment having a rotor With a cylinder` its rotor, an abutment and abutment, and a face independentijof saidv 

